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PHS 109 (General Oceanography)

Evaluating Sources with the CRAAP Test

Use the CRAAP Test to help you evaluate the information you find!

  • C: Currency-the timeliness of the information
  • R: Relevancy-the importance of the information to your need
  • A: Authority-the source of the information
  • A: Accuracy-the reliability or truthfulness of the information
  • P: Purpose-the reason the information exists

Google Advanced Search

Use Google Advanced Search to search more effectively with your keywords! Google Advanced Search allows you to combine multiple search terms. You may also limit your search results in special ways, including by domain name (to receive only .gov or .edu websites) or by the last time a website was updated (to eliminate information that is not current).

See the screenshots and directions below:

Enter your search terms in the Advanced Search Boxes:

Advanced Search example shows keyword statistics for field labeled all these words; drunk driving in quotation marks for exact word or phrase field; and adolescents or teens or youth for field any of these words.

Narrow your search results:

  • Site or domain: You can search for only .gov or .edu websites.
  • Last update: Find only information that has been updated within the past year.
Narrow your results includes several fields such as language, last update date, and file type. Site or domain field is filled with dot gov.

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